Mars, the mysterious red planet, has undergone billions of years of geological evolution, creating unique characteristics between the planet’s Northern and Southern Hemispheres. One of the most notable points when studying the geology of Mars is the distinct difference in altitude and topographic structure between the two hemispheres. While the …
Control and Automation Systems on Mars
Mars is one of humanity’s key exploration goals, with increasingly complex space missions aiming to learn about the planet’s history, geology and ability to support life. To carry out missions on a remote and challenging planet like Mars, control and automation systems play an extremely important role. These advanced technologies …
Opportunity’s Journey Discoveries After More Than 14 Years
In 2004, NASA launched the Opportunity probe to Mars with an initial mission lasting only 90 days. However, Opportunity surpassed all expectations by extending its operating time to more than 14 years, making a 45 km exploration journey across the arid surface of the red planet. During its operation, Opportunity …
Perseverance Mission Searches for Signs of Life on Mars
February 18, 2021 marked a major step forward in the journey to explore Mars when NASA’s Perseverance probe successfully landed on the surface of the red planet. Perseverance’s main goal is not only to study the geology and climate of Mars, but also to search for signs of ancient life, …
Exploring Natural Satellites in the Solar System
Our Solar System includes not only large planets but also hundreds of natural satellites orbiting them. These moons, from large moons like Saturn’s Titan and Jupiter’s Europa, to smaller moons like Mars’ Deimos, all carry with them stories and mysteries about their origin and evolution. their chemistry. Natural satellites are …
Learn About the Red Planet Mars and the Gas Planets
Our Solar System is a diverse system with different types of planets, from small rocky planets like Mars and Earth, to gas giants like Jupiter and Saturn. Among them, Mars – also known as the red planet – is one of the planets that receives the most attention, thanks to …
Formation and Evolution of the Martian Climate
Mars, the mysterious red planet of the Solar System, has undergone major changes in climate throughout its long history. From a planet that may have once had a thick atmosphere and liquid water flowing on its surface, Mars has gradually become the dry and cold planet it is today. The …
Factors Affecting the Climate of Mars
Mars, the fourth planet in the Solar System, has long fascinated scientists because of dramatic changes in its climate over billions of years. Mars’s current climate is very different from Earth’s, with an average temperature of about -80 degrees Celsius, a thin atmosphere and continuous solar wind. Although the red …
MAVEN Spacecraft and Discoveries of the Martian Atmosphere
The MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution) spacecraft, launched by NASA in 2013, has given us a clearer look at the fragile and mysterious atmosphere of Mars. With the main goal of studying how the red planet’s atmosphere changes over time, MAVEN has contributed important information on atmospheric loss, the …
Exploring Deimos’ Unusual Orbit
Deimos, one of Mars’ two natural satellites, has a very different and mysterious orbit compared to other moons in the Solar System. The smaller of Mars’ moons, measuring only about 12 kilometers in diameter, Deimos orbits the red planet at a greater distance than Phobos and has orbital characteristics that …
